Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. There are two types of radiation therapy: External radiation therapy uses a machine to radiate the cancer from outside the body. This procedure is similar to the ordinary x-ray, but with higher energy. Internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy) uses materials called radioisotopes that are introduced into […]
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Biological therapy (also called biological response modifier, or BRM; and immunotherapy) uses the body’s own immune system to destroy cancer cells. Biological therapy is still experimental, but shows great promise. There are several different types of biological therapy for cancer: Immunostimulant therapy Immunoglobulin therapy Monoclonal antibodies Immunostimulant therapy uses two different procedures: One uses substances called immunostimulants, which
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Treatment of stomach cancer depends on: The patient’s state of health The part of the stomach where the cancer is found The stage of the disease There are several reasons for treatment by staging. These include: The possibility that standard therapy might not affect a cure because of the stage of the cancer when it
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Clinical trials are used to find better and more effective ways of treating cancer patients by using the most up-to-date research in controlled tests. Clinical trials are designed to: Determine if a new approach is both safe and effective. To learn more about the disease. To compare different treatment therapies. To find new methods to
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Here are some frequently asked questions related to stomach cancer. Q: How can I eat when all or part of my stomach has been removed? A: As with any new situation, some adjustment will be necessary. If only part of the stomach is removed, fairly normal eating patterns can be resumed soon after recovery. If the
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Here is a summary of the important facts and information related to stomach cancer. Stomach cancer is a disease in which normal cells in the stomach tissues are triggered and grow out of control. Experts have been unable to define one primary cause for stomach cancer, but many factors seem to be involved. Stomach ulcers, stomach polyps, environmental factors
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Here are some reliable sources that can provide more information on laparoscopy: American Association of Gynecologic Laparascopists Phone: 800-554-2245 Email: generalmail@aagl.com http://www.aagl.com American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons http://www.aaos.org American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists http://www.acog.org American College of Surgeons Phone: 312-202-5000 Fax: 312-202-5001 Email: postmaster@facs.org http://www.facs.org American Gastroenterological Association http://www.gastro.org American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Phone: 978-526-8330
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Dozens of different kinds of operations are now being done using these new minimally invasive techniques. These include operations on the abdomen, heart, reproductive organs, nerves, ear, nose, sinuses, throat, joints, chest organs, urinary tract, and blood vessels. These techniques are also used in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Minimally invasive surgery may be an appropriate
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Laparoscopy is easier on the patient because it uses a few very small incisions. For example, traditional “open surgery” on the abdomen usually requires a four- to five-inch incision through layers of skin and muscle. In laparoscopic surgery, the doctor usually makes two to three incisions that are about a half-inch long. The smaller incisions
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Since laparoscopy involves minimal damage to body tissues, it is generally safer than open operations. In diagnostic laparoscopy, for instance, complications occur in about three out of every 1,000 operations, a significantly lower number than traditional surgery. A complication is an unforeseen problem that occurs during or after surgery, such as internal bleeding or injury
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Almost every kind of doctor who performs surgery may use minimally invasive methods for some kinds of operations. Obsterictians and gynecologists often use laparoscopy to diagnose and treat women’s health problems. General surgeons may use laparoscopy for gallbladder disease. Orthopedic surgeons perform minimally invasive procedures to repair the knee and other joints. Trauma surgeons may
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For laparoscopy, the patient is usually given a general anesthesia and is unconscious during the operation. General anesthesia relaxes muscles and makes it easier for the doctor to perform the surgery. Some procedures, however, are done with a local anesthetic to numb the immediate area of the body where the incisions will be made. The
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