Digestive System

Stomach cancer is a disease in which normal cells in the stomach tissues become cancerous and grow out of control. Experts have been unable to define one primary cause for stomach cancer, but many factors seem to be involved. Some research suggests that stomach ulcers or stomach polyps can lead to cancer. Stomach ulcers are raw or inflamed areas […]

So far, no single cause has been identified, but some of the risk factors associated with stomach cancer are: Certain diseases and disorders Environmental Infection Diet Diseases And Disorders Stomach cancer often begins at a site where the stomach lining is inflamed or irritated. However, many experts argue that inflammation is the result of stomach

While the underlying causes of stomach cancer are still unclear, some groups of people have higher rates than others. Researchers are studying these populations for clues on how to prevent this cancer in the future. Stomach cancer rarely affects people under age 40, and is most often found in people over the age of 55

Some of the symptoms of stomach cancer in the early stages are: Indigestion and stomach discomfort A bloated feeling after eating Mild nausea Loss of appetite Heartburn Stomach cancer can be very difficult to diagnose because in the early stages, the symptoms can be absent or very mild. The symptoms listed above can be caused

The first step in diagnosing stomach cancer is usually a thorough medical history and physical examination by the doctor. If the history and/or examination indicate, the doctor will order laboratory blood tests and one or all of the following examinations: Fecal occult blood test – This laboratory test is used to determine the presence or absence

If stomach cancer is found, tests will be done to find out if cancer cells have spread to other parts of the body. The process of staging describes the extent and severity of cancer growth. Once the doctor knows the stage of the disease, treatment can be planned. Staging includes: The size of the main

For stomach cancer, the following stages are used: Stage 0: This stage is very early cancer. At this stage, cancer is found only in the innermost layer of the stomach wall. Stage I: Stage I is slightly more advanced. There are two possible criteria of this stage: Cancer is found in the second or third

There are a variety of effective treatment options for stomach cancer. In general, treatment depends on: The size, location, and extent of the tumor. The stage of the disease when the cancer is found. The person’s general health and other factors. Because of these variables, treatment is individually designed for each person. Treatment decisions are

Surgery is the most common treatment for stomach cancer. The usual operation is called a gastrectomy. There are two types: Total gastrectomy is removal of the entire stomach. After a total gastrectomy, the esophagus is connected directly to the small intestine. Partial or subtotal gastrectomy is removal of just part of the stomach. After a partial gastrectomy, the remaining

Chemotherapy is the use of specialized drugs to kill cancer cells. The drugs may be in pill or capsule form, or they may be injected into a vein or muscle. Chemotherapy is called a systemic treatment because when the drug enters the bloodstream, it travels throughout the body and can kill cancer cells outside the

Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. There are two types of radiation therapy: External radiation therapy uses a machine to radiate the cancer from outside the body. This procedure is similar to the ordinary x-ray, but with higher energy. Internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy) uses materials called radioisotopes that are introduced into

Biological therapy (also called biological response modifier, or BRM; and immunotherapy) uses the body’s own immune system to destroy cancer cells. Biological therapy is still experimental, but shows great promise. There are several different types of biological therapy for cancer: Immunostimulant therapy Immunoglobulin therapy Monoclonal antibodies Immunostimulant therapy uses two different procedures: One uses substances called immunostimulants, which